Fuel itself is of no use: it takes oxygen from outside air to burn. At the lowest level, this is done spontaneously, forcing the piston down during the intake stroke, the air rushes to fill past the intake valve open on the expanding space. Then, when the compression stroke is completed and opens the exhaust valve and piston pushes the exhaust gases passing from ready for a fresh charge of clean air.
In practice, however, the engine, the airFilter against dirt, moisture, and pieces of garbage is sucked into the cylinder to stop, and must have an exhaust system for hot exhaust gases in a safe and quiet. To save with a separate filter for each cylinder and the exhaust more cylinders, the flow of air into the cylinders fed by tube-like structures called the intake pipes, and carried away from the exhaust manifold-like structures called.
Exhaust System
Air Filter
Unlike their cousins, theMakes tractors and construction equipment, marine diesel usually operate in a relatively clean, there is no danger of them with straw, must fight dust and litter along the road. This means that their air filters can be relatively simple, so that some engines are working closely for years with little more than a metal box with a pair of diaphragms in them.
Most, however, have something a little 'more challenging, both in wire mesh or porous paper.
Paper tends tolimit the flow of air to do so for them its environment must be increased by folding into an accordion. It 'also difficult to clean, so that when a paper filter is clogged to be replaced by a new one.
Wire netting does not restrict the flow of air time, but is less effective because the gap between the wires is greater than that between the fibers of the paper. To solve this problem - and minimize corrosion - metal mesh filter should be soaked in oilfrom time to time, so the dust sticks away from them, rather than directly through.
Discharge
When it comes to exhaust systems, the boat is on the other foot: road vehicles and agricultural machines have an easy game. The engines are in fields that are open to the atmosphere, but isolated from their drivers and passengers, so everything that is required, a tube with the exhaust manifold, with a couple of chicanes to reduce noise. A couple of structures Lakeadopt a similar system "dry" exhaust, usually in the form of an exhaust pipe stick up from the engine room to stop with a weighted lid to mix or spray ran inside and heat resistant to minimize the residual risk of fire or burns.
For pleasure craft, however, are pretty well standard wet exhaust systems, are used with the engine cooling water to cool the exhaust gases. The water is to turn the gas injection, where it is almost mixedimmediately turns to steam, but reduces the temperature of the exhaust gases of about 500 ° C to 70 ° C - cool enough to be used in flexible pipe and fiberglass for the rest of the exhaust system.
Then lower temperature of the steam condenses into water. Therefore, the mixing takes place in a curve: it protects the engine against the possibility of cooling water through the system and run back into the cylinder.
If the engine underthe water line, or very close, but the injection curve is not enough: there is a risk that water could drain already set up a siphon effect, to do with where the sea water from outside on the way back through the exhaust system and the engine would. To avoid this, many boats, a further round in the exhaust system, like a swan neck have known. To protect against the possibility of waves push water out the exhaust, some boats have a one-way valve at the end of the tubeAfter his exit from the hull, and on some boats can also find a hand-operated gate valve that seals the drain completely, when the engine is not used.
The key thing to a draining system which is not the flow of exhaust gases over a certain limit, because the air from the cylinder if not more, will be no place to get fresh air into effect is exactly the same as if the clogged air filter are: oxygen, is not the engineIts location, its fuel economy, loses energy and produce black smoke.
More power
Each motor is just a device to convert the energy released by combustion of fuels into mechanical energy. None of them are very good at it: more than 60 percent of the energy is released from the fuel heat, vibration and valid, and not used as mechanical work. Engine designers are constantly striving to improve efficiency, but the fact remains that the power an engine can produce is alwayslimited by the speed with which fuel can.
Naval Air Filter Diesel Exhaust Systems
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